Settings Package¶

The onecrawler.settings package provides comprehensive configuration classes for all crawler components.

Treat settings as the crawl contract

Put scope, limits, concurrency, retries, proxy behavior, and output format in Settings. Explicit settings make crawls easier to review, reproduce, and operate.

Classes¶

Settings¶

Central configuration class that controls all crawler behavior.

from onecrawler import Settings

settings = Settings(
    link_extraction_limit=500,
    include_link_patterns=["/articles/*"],
    concurrency=10,
    scraping_strategy="heuristic"
)

Core Settings¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`link_extraction_strategy`	`str`	`"deep"`	Browser discovery mode: `"deep"` or `"shallow"`
`link_extraction_limit`	`int`	`50`	Maximum number of URLs to collect
`include_link_patterns`	`List[str]`	`None`	URL path patterns to include
`exclude_link_patterns`	`List[str]`	`None`	URL path patterns to exclude
`scraping_strategy`	`str`	`"heuristic"`	Extraction strategy: `"heuristic"` or `"genai"`
`scraping_output_format`	`str`	`"json"`	Output format for scraped content
`concurrency`	`int`	`10`	Number of async workers
`request_timeout`	`int`	`10`	Per-request timeout in seconds
`max_retries`	`int`	`2`	Retry attempts for failed requests
`retry_delay`	`int`	`1`	Base delay between retries

Do not run broad crawls without limits

link_extraction_limit and include_link_patterns are your main safety rails. Set them before using deep browser discovery or Crawler.

Sitemap Settings¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`sitemap.follow_index`	`bool`	`True`	Traverse sitemap indexes
`sitemap.html_fallback`	`bool`	`True`	Crawl pages when no sitemaps found
`sitemap.max_depth`	`int`	`3`	Depth limit for HTML fallback
`sitemap.max_pages`	`int`	`500`	Page limit for HTML fallback
`sitemap.user_agent`	`str`	Custom	User agent for sitemap requests
`sitemap.respect_robots`	`bool`	`True`	Follow robots.txt rules
`sitemap.deduplicate`	`bool`	`True`	Remove duplicate URLs

Browser Settings¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`browser_settings`	`BrowserSettings`	`Default`	Playwright browser configuration

Proxy Settings¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`proxy`	`ProxySettings`	`None`	Single proxy configuration
`proxies`	`List[ProxySettings]`	`None`	Multiple proxies for rotation
`proxy_rotation_method`	`str`	`"round_robin"`	Proxy rotation strategy

Use top-level proxy settings

Prefer proxy or proxies on Settings so sitemap, browser, and Crawler workflows share the same network configuration.

GenAI Settings¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`genai`	`GenerativeAISettings`	`None`	AI extraction configuration

GenerativeAISettings¶

Configuration for AI-powered content extraction.

from onecrawler import GenerativeAISettings

genai = GenerativeAISettings(
    provider="openai",
    model_name="gpt-4o-mini",
    api_key="your-api-key",
    output_schema=ArticleModel
)

Keep API keys out of source

Pass provider keys through environment variables or your secret manager. Avoid committing keys in examples, settings files, or notebooks.

Fields¶

Setting	Type	Required	Description
`provider`	`str`	Yes	Model provider: `"openai"`, `"google"`, or `"ollama"`
`model_name`	`str`	Yes	Model identifier
`api_key`	`str`	Conditional	API key for OpenAI/Google
`output_schema`	`BaseModel`	Conditional	Pydantic model for structured output
`base_url`	`str`	Optional	Custom endpoint URL (required for Ollama)
`provider_kwargs`	`dict[str, Any]`	No	Provider-specific keyword arguments

BrowserSettings¶

Playwright browser configuration.

from onecrawler import BrowserSettings

browser_settings = BrowserSettings(
    viewport={"width": 1440, "height": 900},
    locale="en-US",
    timezone_id="UTC",
)

Use storage state for authenticated pages

For logged-in crawls, create a Playwright storage_state file and reference it from BrowserSettings. Keep that file private because it may contain cookies.

Browser Settings Fields¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`viewport`	`dict`	`{"width": 1366, "height": 768}`	Browser viewport size
`locale`	`str`	`"en-US"`	Browser locale
`timezone_id`	`str`	`"UTC"`	Timezone identifier
`user_agent`	`str`	Default	Custom user agent
`storage_state`	`str`	`None`	Path to browser storage state

ProxySettings¶

Proxy configuration for network requests.

from onecrawler import ProxySettings

proxy = ProxySettings(
    server="http://proxy.example:8080",
    username="user",
    password="pass"
)

Fields¶

Setting	Type	Required	Description
`server`	`str`	Yes	Proxy server URL
`username`	`str`	No	Proxy username
`password`	`str`	No	Proxy password

HumanBehaviorSettings¶

Configuration for human-like browser interactions.

from onecrawler import HumanBehaviorSettings

human_settings = HumanBehaviorSettings(
    min_delay=0.5,
    max_delay=2.0,
    max_scrolls=20,
    min_mouse_moves=2,
    max_mouse_moves=8
)

Fields¶

Setting	Type	Default	Description
`min_delay`	`float`	`0.5`	Minimum delay between actions
`max_delay`	`float`	`2.0`	Maximum delay between actions
`max_scrolls`	`int`	`20`	Maximum scroll actions
`min_mouse_moves`	`int`	`2`	Minimum mouse movements
`max_mouse_moves`	`int`	`8`	Maximum mouse movements

Simulation trades speed for coverage

Human behavior settings can reveal lazy-loaded links, but each delay and scroll lowers throughput. Enable it only for pages that need it.

Usage Examples¶

Basic Configuration¶

from onecrawler import Settings

settings = Settings(
    link_extraction_limit=100,
    include_link_patterns=["/news/*"],
    concurrency=5,
    request_timeout=15
)

GenAI Configuration¶

from pydantic import BaseModel
from onecrawler import Settings, GenerativeAISettings

class Article(BaseModel):
    title: str
    author: str
    content: str

settings = Settings(
    scraping_strategy="genai",
    genai=GenerativeAISettings(
        provider="openai",
        model_name="gpt-4o-mini",
        api_key="your-api-key",
        output_schema=Article
    )
)

Proxy Configuration¶

from onecrawler import Settings, ProxySettings

settings = Settings(
    proxies=[
        ProxySettings(server="http://proxy1.example:8080"),
        ProxySettings(server="http://proxy2.example:8080")
    ],
    proxy_rotation_method="round_robin"
)

Browser Configuration¶

from onecrawler import Settings, BrowserSettings

settings = Settings(
    browser_settings=BrowserSettings(
        viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080},
        locale="en-US",
        user_agent="MyCrawler/1.0",
    )
)

Configuration Validation¶

Settings includes automatic validation:

# This will raise an error
try:
    settings = Settings(
        scraping_strategy="genai",
        scraping_output_format="markdown"  # GenAI only supports JSON
    )
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Configuration error: {e}")

Validation Rules¶

GenAI strategy: Requires genai settings and JSON output format
Proxy configuration: Cannot use both proxy and proxies simultaneously
Human behavior: Only applies to deep link extraction
Output formats: GenAI extraction limited to JSON format

Let validation fail early

Build Settings near application startup. Invalid proxy combinations or GenAI output formats will fail before a long crawl begins.

Environment Variables¶

Settings can be configured using environment variables:

export CRAWLER_CONCURRENCY=5
export CRAWLER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT=30
export OPENAI_API_KEY=your-api-key

import os
from onecrawler import Settings, GenerativeAISettings

settings = Settings(
    concurrency=int(os.getenv("CRAWLER_CONCURRENCY", 10)),
    request_timeout=int(os.getenv("CRAWLER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT", 10)),
    genai=GenerativeAISettings(
        provider="openai",
        api_key=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
        model_name="gpt-4o-mini"
    )
)

Configuration Files¶

Settings can be loaded from configuration files:

import yaml
from onecrawler import Settings

# config.yaml
# link_extraction_limit: 500
# concurrency: 8
# scraping_strategy: "heuristic"

with open("config.yaml", "r") as f:
    config = yaml.safe_load(f)

settings = Settings(**config)

Best Practices¶

Set explicit limits: Always configure link_extraction_limit
Use path filters: Apply include_link_patterns for focused crawling
Configure timeouts: Set appropriate request_timeout values
Monitor resources: Adjust concurrency based on system capacity
Validate early: Check configuration before starting crawls
Use environment variables: Keep sensitive data out of code
Document settings: Maintain configuration documentation